BIOMIMICRY APPROACHES TO FLOOD RISKS

Abstract

Global climate change, with the increase in carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, causes significant changes in climate systems around the world. The changes that occur cause various effects such as loss of vegetation in urban and rural areas, deterioration in the rainfall regime and agricultural pattern, and heat island. One of these effects, the increase in floods and overflows resulting from the disruption of the precipitation regime, negatively affects water management systems and ecosystems in urban and rural areas. In recent years, various methods focusing on the natural processes and characteristics of ecosystems have been developed to combat the increasing risk of floods and floods due to global climate change. These approaches, called nature-based solutions, aim to increase the natural capacities of ecosystems and improve water management to reduce flood risks. In this context, the applicability of nature-based approaches in reducing flood risks triggered by climate change has been investigated. Within the scope of the study, definitions of floods and overflow disasters that are frequently seen due to the effect of climate change, flood disasters experienced in the world and our country, nature-based and biomimicry studies in reducing flood risks are included. This study provides a perspective that effective integration of nature-based solutions can build a more flood-resilient society by enhancing environmental sustainability and community resilience.